Physical Control of the Mind: Toward a Psychocivilized Society (1969) by Dr. José M. R. Delgado is a groundbreaking and controversial work detailing the author's experiments with direct electrical stimulation of the brain (ESB) in both animals and humans. Delgado argued that because humanity has mastered physical and technological environments but not its own nature, the next stage of human evolution must be a "psychocivilized" society where neurotechnology is used to consciously cultivate a more peaceful and rational human mind. The book remains an important historical document in neuroethics and behavior control, often viewed today with a combination of fascination at its technical achievements and apprehension of its societal implications.